Myocardial impact and cardioprotective effects of apelin-13 and a c-terminal-modified analog during lps and clp experimental sepsis

Introduction Apelin-13 (APL-13) is a member of an endogenous peptide’s family (APLs) with powerful inotropic and cardioprotective properties. APLs bind to the dedicated receptor APJ-R, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily, all being widely expressed in the cardiovascular system. We have already shown that APL-13 infusion, was protective against LPS-induced myocardial dysfunction and death vs. dobutamine [1]. Furthermore, we have shown that, C-terminal Phe(13) modification of APL-13 by unnatural amino acids can change ligand binding and APJ-R signaling [2].